参考资料与延伸阅读
从原始著作、研究论文、教材及作者或机构的说明继续阅读。条目采用简明释义，并非原文摘录；以下资料用于补充背景、深入理解。
部分链接通向摘要或出版记录，全文可能需要另行获取。延伸阅读可能讨论更广泛的主题，不表示条目中的每项实践建议都出自所列作者。
在线参考资料
- 原始文献A. H. Maslow (1943), A Theory of Human Motivation
马斯洛需求层次理论 - 官方说明ASQ, Decision Matrix
加权决策矩阵 - 作者／出版社资料Anthony Giddens, The Constitution of Society — publisher edition
结构化理论 - 原典英译本Aristotle, Rhetoric, Book I — W. Rhys Roberts translation
人格可信度、情感与论证 - 论文记录／摘要Arkes & Blumer (1985), The psychology of sunk cost
沉没成本谬误 - 教材／课程Aswath Damodaran, An Introduction to Valuation
现金流折现估值（DCF） - 教材／课程Aswath Damodaran, Working capital in valuation
营运资本管理 - 官方说明BCG, What Is the Growth Share Matrix?
BCG 增长—份额矩阵 - 官方说明Bain & Company, Decision Insights — RAPID roles
RAPID 决策角色 - 官方说明Bain, Elements of Value — official interactive reference
价值要素 - 官方说明Bain, Measuring Your Net Promoter Score
净推荐值（NPS） - 官方说明Barbara Minto, The Minto Pyramid Principle — author’s course description
MECE 分类原则 · 金字塔原理 - 论文记录／摘要Broken Windows, Informal Social Control, and Crime: Assessing Causality in Empirical Studies (2020)
破窗理论 - 原始文献Charles Darwin (1859), On the Origin of Species — first edition
自然选择 · 适应 · 自然选择 - 作者／出版社资料Charles T. Munger, Poor Charlie’s Almanack — Stripe Press edition
逆向思考 - 官方说明Christensen Institute, Health for Hire — Jobs to Be Done theory
待完成任务（Jobs to Be Done） - 官方说明Christensen Institute, Our Theories — Disruptive Innovation
颠覆性创新 · 颠覆性创新 - 原始文献Clauset, Shalizi & Newman, Power-law distributions in empirical data
幂律分布 · 正态分布与幂律分布 - 原始文献David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature
演绎与归纳 · 事实与应当之间的推理问题 · 事实与应当之间的推理问题 · 演绎与归纳 - 官方说明Deloitte Digital / Doblin, Ten Types of Innovation
创新十型 - 原始文献Donella Meadows, Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in a System
系统杠杆点 - 论文记录／摘要E. H. Simpson (1951), The Interpretation of Interaction in Contingency Tables
辛普森悖论 - 原始文献Elinor Ostrom (2009), Beyond Markets and States — Nobel lecture
公共池资源的治理困境 · 公共池资源的治理困境 - 论文记录／摘要Eric R. Pianka (1970), On r- and K-Selection
r/K 选择：历史模型 - 官方说明Eric Ries, The Lean Startup: Methodology
精益创业 - 论文记录／摘要Fischhoff, Hindsight not equal to foresight — reprint of the 1975 paper
后见之明偏差 · 多重原因与后见之明偏差 - 论文记录／摘要George A. Akerlof (1970), The Market for “Lemons” — publisher record
信息不对称 - 原始文献Ghibellini & Meier (2025), Interruption, recall and resumption: a meta-analysis of the Zeigarnik and Ovsiankina effects
蔡格尼克效应 - 官方说明Goldratt Research Labs, Introduction to the Theory of Constraints
约束理论 · 约束理论 - 论文记录／摘要Heinz Weihrich (1982), The TOWS matrix—A tool for situational analysis
SWOT 与 TOWS 分析 - 作者／出版社资料Heskett et al., Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work — publisher reprint
服务利润链 - 教材／课程Hossein Pishro-Nik, Expectation
期望值 - 教材／课程Hossein Pishro-Nik, Introduction to Probability, Statistics, and Random Processes, §7.1.1
大数定律 · 大数定律 - 教材／课程Hossein Pishro-Nik, What Is Probability?
随机性与不确定性 - 官方说明IDEO, Design Thinking: Process
设计思维 - 官方说明IUPAC Gold Book, Autocatalytic reaction
自催化 - 论文记录／摘要J. L. Kelly Jr. (1956), A New Interpretation of Information Rate — publisher record
凯利准则 · 凯利准则 - 论文记录／摘要Jensen & Meckling (1976), Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure
委托—代理问题 - 官方说明Jim Collins, The Flywheel Effect — author’s explanation
飞轮效应 - 原始文献John Nash (1951), Non-Cooperative Games
纳什均衡 - 原始文献Kahneman & Tversky (1979), Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk
损失厌恶 - 作者／出版社资料Kaplan & Norton, The Balanced Scorecard: Measures That Drive Performance — publisher reprint
平衡计分卡 - 论文记录／摘要Kaplan & Strömberg (2009), Leveraged Buyouts and Private Equity
杠杆收购模型（LBO） - 官方说明Kim & Mauborgne, Four Actions Framework — official explanation
剔除—减少—增加—创造方格（ERRC） - 官方说明Kim & Mauborgne, Strategy Canvas — official tool explanation
战略布局图 - 官方说明Kotter, The 8-Step Process for Leading Change
科特八步变革方法 - 论文记录／摘要Kruger & Dunning (1999), Unskilled and unaware of it — original research abstract
邓宁—克鲁格效应 - 论文记录／摘要Leary et al. (2017), Cognitive and Interpersonal Features of Intellectual Humility
认知谦逊 - 论文记录／摘要Lieberman & Montgomery (1988), First-mover advantages — research article
先发优势与先发劣势 - 原始文献Mark Granovetter (1973), The Strength of Weak Ties
弱关系的力量 - 原始文献McKinsey Quarterly (1996), Staircases to Growth
增长阶梯 - 官方说明McKinsey, Enduring Ideas: The 7-S Framework
麦肯锡 7-S 框架 - 官方说明McKinsey, Enduring Ideas: The GE–McKinsey nine-box matrix
GE—麦肯锡九宫格矩阵 - 官方说明McKinsey, Enduring Ideas: The three horizons of growth
增长的三个层面 - 官方说明McKinsey, From moments to journeys
客户旅程地图 - 官方说明McKinsey, Merger Management Compendium — integration reading
并购后整合（PMI） - 官方说明McKinsey, The consumer decision journey (2009)
消费者决策旅程 - 官方说明Michael Porter’s Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness: The Five Forces
波特五力模型 - 论文记录／摘要Moore & Healy (2008), The trouble with overconfidence
过度乐观与过度自信 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Biology 2e, §18.1 Understanding Evolution
遗传与变异 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Biology 2e, §45.6 Community Ecology
生态位 · 共生 · 生态位 · 共生 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Biology 2e, §46.1 Ecology of Ecosystems
生态系统 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, §12.5 Collision Theory
活化能 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, §13.3 Le Châtelier’s Principle
化学平衡与勒夏特列原理 - 教材／课程OpenStax, College Physics, §13.5 Phase Changes
相变与临界点 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Physics, §4.4 Newton’s Third Law of Motion
牛顿第三定律 - 教材／课程OpenStax, Principles of Economics 3e, Chapter 2: Choice in a World of Scarcity
机会成本 · 机会成本 - 教材／课程OpenStax, University Physics Volume 1 — index entry for standing waves and resonance
共振 · 共振 - 教材／课程OpenStax, University Physics Volume 1, §5.2 Newton’s First Law
惯性 · 惯性 - 教材／课程OpenStax, University Physics Volume 1, §6.2 Friction
摩擦 - 教材／课程OpenStax, University Physics Volume 2 — thermodynamics chapters
热力学定律 · 能量守恒 - 教材／课程OpenStax, University Physics Volume 2, §4.6 Entropy
熵与热力学第二定律 · 熵与热力学第二定律 - 原始文献Parasuraman, Zeithaml & Berry (1988), SERVQUAL — paper hosted on an author profile
SERVQUAL 与服务质量差距 - 教材／课程Penn State STAT 414, Independent Events
组合计数与概率 - 原始文献Pierre Bourdieu (1986), The Forms of Capital — English text
文化资本 - 作者／出版社资料Prahalad & Hamel (1990), The Core Competence of the Corporation — publisher record
核心能力 - 官方说明Prosci, The ADKAR Model
ADKAR 变革模型 - 论文记录／摘要Rochet & Tirole (2003), Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets — author-institution record
双边市场与平台 - 官方说明Scaled Agile, SAFe Lean-Agile Principles
规模化敏捷框架（SAFe） - 官方说明Shell, What are Shell Scenarios?
情景规划 - 论文记录／摘要Steven Kerr (1975), On the Folly of Rewarding A, While Hoping for B
激励机制 · 激励机制 - 官方说明Strategy&, Our approach to capabilities-driven strategy
能力驱动战略 - 官方说明Strategyzer, The Business Model Canvas
商业模式画布 - 原典英译本Sun Tzu, The Art of War — Lionel Giles’s English translation (1910)
知己知彼 - 原始文献Tversky & Kahneman (1974), Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases
可得性启发式 · 锚定效应 - 论文记录／摘要Tversky & Kahneman (1981), The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice
框架效应 - 官方说明U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Critical Mass
临界状态与临界质量 - 教材／课程Åström & Murray, Feedback Systems — author-hosted textbook
反馈回路 · 反馈回路 · 反馈控制与 PID
书籍与其他阅读资料
- Albert Einstein, “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies” (1905).
相对性原理 - Alfred Marshall, Principles of Economics (1890).
供给与需求 - Archimedes, On the Equilibrium of Planes.
杠杆与机械优势 - Aristotle, Physics, Book II.
目的论解释与机制解释 - Aristotle, Posterior Analytics, Book I.
第一性原理推理 - Arthur M. Hughes, Strategic Database Marketing.
RFM 客户分析 - Aswath Damodaran, Investment Valuation.
投入资本回报率（ROIC） · 敏感性分析 · 协同效应评估 - B. F. Skinner, The Behavior of Organisms (1938).
奖励与惩罚反应 - B. H. Liddell Hart, Strategy (1954).
间接路线 - Barbara Liskov and Stephen Zilles, “Programming with Abstract Data Types” (1974).
抽象 - Barbara Minto, The Minto Pyramid Principle.
议题树与逻辑树 - C. Northcote Parkinson, “Parkinson’s Law” (The Economist, 1955).
帕金森定律 - Carl Friedrich Gauss, Theoria Motus (1809).
正态分布 - Carl von Clausewitz, On War (1832).
力量集中 - Charles A. Janeway Jr. et al., Immunobiology.
免疫系统 - Charles Conn and Robert McLean, Bulletproof Problem Solving (2019).
七步问题解决流程 - Charles Perrow, Normal Accidents (1984).
级联失效 - Charles S. Peirce, Harvard Lectures on Pragmatism (1903).
溯因推理 - Chris Anderson, “The Long Tail” (2004) and The Long Tail (2006).
长尾 - Cliff Bowman and David Faulkner, Competitive and Corporate Strategy (1997).
鲍曼战略钟 - DAMA International, DAMA-DMBOK, second edition (2017).
数据治理与成熟度 - Dale T. Miller and Michael Ross, “Self-Serving Biases in the Attribution of Causality: Fact or Fiction?” (1975).
自利性归因偏差 - Dave McClure, “Startup Metrics for Pirates” (2007).
AARRR 用户与增长指标 - David A. Aaker, Managing Brand Equity (1991).
阿克品牌资产模型 - David A. Nadler and Michael L. Tushman, Competing by Design (1997).
组织能力评估 - David L. Parnas, “On the Criteria To Be Used in Decomposing Systems into Modules” (1972).
模块化与解耦 - David Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817), chapter 7.
比较优势 · 比较优势 - E. Jerome McCarthy, Basic Marketing (1960); Bernard H. Booms and Mary J. Bitner, “Marketing Strategies and Organization Structures for Service Firms” (1981).
营销组合：4P 与 7P - Edward L. Thorndike, “A Constant Error in Psychological Ratings” (1920).
光环效应 - Everett M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations (1962 and later editions).
创新扩散 - Francis Galton, “Regression towards Mediocrity in Hereditary Stature” (1886).
均值回归 · 均值回归 - Francis J. Aguilar, Scanning the Business Environment (1967).
PESTEL 宏观环境分析 - G. Bennett Stewart III, The Quest for Value (1991).
经济增加值（EVA） - G. W. F. Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit (1807).
辩证推理 - Galileo Galilei, Two New Sciences (1638).
思想实验 - Geoffrey A. Moore, Crossing the Chasm (1991).
跨越鸿沟 - George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, Metaphors We Live By (1980).
隐喻与概念框架 - George Orwell, “Politics and the English Language” (1946).
以写作澄清思考 - Gilbert Ryle, The Concept of Mind (1949).
范畴错误 - H. Igor Ansoff, “Strategies for Diversification” (1957).
安索夫产品—市场矩阵 - Howard Raiffa, Decision Analysis (1968).
决策树分析 - Jerome Bruner, “The Narrative Construction of Reality” (1991).
叙事框架 - John H. Holland, Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity (1995).
复杂适应系统 - John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern, Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944).
零和与正和博弈 - John von Neumann, “Probabilistic Logics and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms from Unreliable Components” (1956).
冗余与容错 - Joseph M. Juran, Quality Control Handbook.
帕累托原则（二八经验法则） · 帕累托分析 - Judea Pearl, Causality (2000).
相关与因果 - Karl Popper, The Logic of Scientific Discovery (English edition, 1959).
可证伪性 · 可证伪性 - Laurence J. Peter and Raymond Hull, The Peter Principle (1969).
彼得原理 - Lee Ross, “The Intuitive Psychologist and His Shortcomings” (1977).
基本归因错误 - Leigh Van Valen, “A New Evolutionary Law” (1973).
红皇后假说 · 红皇后假说 - Leon Festinger, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957).
认知失调 · 追求一致性的倾向 - Martin Christopher, Adrian Payne, and David Ballantyne, Relationship Marketing (1991).
客户关系阶梯 - Michael E. Porter, Competitive Advantage (1985).
价值链分析 - Michael Hammer, “Reengineering Work: Don’t Automate, Obliterate” (1990).
业务流程再造 - Michael L. George, Lean Six Sigma (2002).
精益六西格玛 - Michael L. Katz and Carl Shapiro, “Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility” (1985).
网络效应 - Munger, Poor Charlie’s Almanack, “The Psychology of Human Misjudgment”.
喜欢与厌恶倾向 · 对比效应 · 好奇心 · 压力与判断 - Nassim Nicholas Taleb, The Black Swan (2007).
黑天鹅事件 - OpenStax, Chemistry 2e.
结构与性质的关系 - Orit Gadiesh and James L. Gilbert, “Profit Pools: A Fresh Look at Strategy” (1998).
利润池分析 - Paul A. David, “Clio and the Economics of QWERTY” (1985).
路径依赖 · 路径依赖 - Peter A. Pyhrr, Zero-Base Budgeting (1973).
零基预算 - Peter C. Wason, “On the Failure to Eliminate Hypotheses in a Conceptual Task” (1960).
确认偏误 - Philip Kotler, Marketing Management.
市场细分、目标选择与定位（STP） - Philip W. Anderson, “More Is Different” (1972).
涌现 - Plato, Republic, Book VII.
洞穴寓言 - Plutarch, Life of Theseus, section 23.
特修斯之船 - Richard E. Neustadt and Ernest R. May, Thinking in Time (1986).
历史类比 - Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (1984).
囚徒困境 - Robert B. Cialdini, Influence (1984).
社会认同 - Robert C. Camp, Benchmarking (1989).
运营对标 - Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson, Pygmalion in the Classroom (1968).
期望效应（皮格马利翁效应） - Solomon E. Asch, “Opinions and Social Pressure” (1955).
从众与社会影响 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, “Simplicity.”
奥卡姆剃刀 · 奥卡姆剃刀 - Sunil Gupta and Donald R. Lehmann, Managing Customers as Investments (2005).
客户终身价值（CLV） - Taiichi Ohno, Toyota Production System (English edition, 1988).
五问法 - Thirty-Six Stratagems (三十六计), “以逸待劳.”
以逸待劳 - Thomas Bayes, “An Essay towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances” (1763).
贝叶斯定理 · 贝叶斯定理 - Thomas C. Schelling, Micromotives and Macrobehavior (1978).
转折阈值 - Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms.
分治算法 · 算法复杂度 - Tim Koller, Marc Goedhart, and David Wessels, Valuation: Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies.
价值导向管理 · 以价值为重点的尽职调查 - Tversky and Kahneman, “Belief in the Law of Small Numbers” (1971).
“小数定律”信念偏误 - Tversky and Kahneman, “Evidential Impact of Base Rates” (1982).
基础发生率与条件概率 - Warren Buffett, Berkshire Hathaway shareholder letters.
经济护城河 - William Stanley Jevons, The Theory of Political Economy (1871).
边际效用递减 · 边际效用递减